Oil and gas

Much has been said about the oil and natural gas, non-renewable natural resources, which are great sources of energy, which are extracted from the bowels of the earth.

But what is known about the origin of oil and natural gas?
There are three theories that attempt to explain the origin of oil and natural gas, these theories studied by scientists have not yet been proven, so the name of theories.
It is important to know because none of them have been dismissed, although the most accepted theory of organic origin.
1. Chemical Origin: it says oil and natural gas are produced by mixing one or more mineral water.
2. volcanic origin: the oil and natural gas, formed by the activity of some volcanoes.


3. Organic Origin: the theory most widely accepted by geologists, chemists and petroleum engineers and is supported by research and E. Jurg JW Eisma, who managed to get oil from decaying organic matter. They argue that the origin of the oil and natural gas, was by the decomposition of plant and animal remains deposited in seas and oceans for thousands of years.


During this time, they were also deposited sediment layers on organic debris. This accumulation caused a rise in temperature and pressure and the remains became oil and natural gas.

Oil is an oily, viscous liquid, which contains colors ranging from light yellow to dark brown or black. The color change, and even consistency, the hydrocarbons present in the mixture should.

The oil is highly flammable and has a strong odor; similar to gasoline or kerosene. It is also insoluble in water but soluble in other solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.

Squill oil density between 0.8 and 0.9 gr / ml, this means that each ml of oil has a mass between 0.8 and 0.9 grams.

The property of being flammable gives the characteristic of being an excellent fuel, which is why it is so important from an energy point of view.


How is crude oil?
Crude oil, ie as presented in nature, has thick oily appearance and is of a color that is close to black. We can consider two types. Light oils that are fluid and lighter than water, colorless or light and very easy to evaporate colors; and heavy oils are viscous, thick and easy to solidify and left as residue, asphalt and similar materials.

Crude oil is of little use; You must undergo a refining process in order to separate its components and give industrial application. These components are called petroleum.

Major petroleum.
Natural gas consists of methane, ethane, propane and butane; the first two are burned in the refinery, while the other two are separated, liquefied and compressed in cylinders as fuel.


Gasoline is used as fuel for vehicles and aircraft engines.
Kerosene is used as fuel for some aircraft engines.
Diesel is a fuel used in diesel engines and machines to heat and steam locomotives.
Lubricating oils used to lubricate machine parts.
Fuel & oil is used as fuel in furnaces, locomotives ... instead of coal.
Asphalt used in paving streets and highways.
Paraffins and petrolatum, used in pharmaceuticals.



Have you ever wondered where does the raw material for making many products that we see daily in our homes, offices, supermarkets ... Nothing more and nothing less than oil.

The petrochemical industry is the one responsible for getting new products from petroleum and natural gas and the major products produced in a petrochemical are:

    Solvent: as glycerin and alcohol.
    Plastics for toys, tubes, containers and others.
    :, For manufacturing synthetic rubbers rubbers.
    Fertilizer: for crops.
    Insecticides against pests.
    Detergent for washing.
    Paints and varnishes: to paint.